TYPES OF CONTACT BETWEEN
A SENSE-ORGAN AND ITS OBJECT:
1. pratyaksha (perception)
2. anumAna (inference)
3. JinashAsana (Teachings of the 24
TIrthankaras)
II. BUDDHISM: 3 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. Buddhavacana (Teachings of the Buddha)
(shruti)
III. NYAAYA-VAISHESHHIKA: 4 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. upamAna (analogy)
4. shabda (testimony--sacred [shruti and
smRti] & secular)
IV. SAANKHYA-YOGA: 3 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. shabda (shruti)
V. PRABHAAKARA MIIMAAMSAA: 5 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. upamAna
4. arthApatti (implication)
5. shabda (shruti)
VI. KUMAARILA MIIMAAMSAA: 6 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. upamAna
4. arthApatti
5. shabda (shruti)
6. anupalabdhi (non-apprehension)
VII. SHANKARA (ADVAITA) VEDAANTA: 6 pramANas
(same as the 6 of KumArila MImAmsA). "vyAvahAre bhATTanayaH".
VIII. RAAMAANUJA (VISHISHHT.AADVAITA) VEDAANTA: 3 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. shabda (shruti)
IX. MADHVA (DVAITA) VEDAANTA: 3 pramANas
1. pratyaksha
2. anumAna
3. shabda (shruti)